Influenza A - H1N1 - Swine Flu

Influenza A (H1N1) - Swine Flu

Vads Corner - H1N1 Influenza A - Swine Flu site

This page is dedicated to H1N1 Influenza A virus. It was setup as a result of the outbreak in Mexico (2009). This page will be updated when information is available. Meanwhile see Updates .You are welcome to suggest links or comments related to this site by e-mailing directly to me or mentioning the link in the guestbook. I however have the right to moderate these links. Please read the disclaimer.

Suggest for updates, see links in italics.

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Dr Muruga Vadivale

First up on 27 April 2009

Last Updated 23 August 2009

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Influenza - For more information and links related to influenza

H5N1 Bird Flu - For more information.

SARS - For more information.

COVID-19 - For more information

Global

WHO

WHO - HIN1 Influenza (for Updates)
- Statement by WHO Director-General, Dr Margaret Chan
- Current WHO phase of pandemic alert - Level 6
  - Phase 5 is characterized by human-to-human spread of the virus into at least two countries in one WHO region. While most countries will not be affected at this stage, the declaration of Phase 5 is a strong signal that a pandemic is imminent and that the time to finalize the organization, communication, and implementation of the planned mitigation measures is short.
  - Phase 6, the pandemic phase, is characterized by community level outbreaks in at least one other country in a different WHO region in addition to the criteria defined in Phase 5. Designation of this phase will indicate that a global pandemic is under way.
- Global Situation
Guidance (See site for updates and other guidelines)

Disease outbreaks reported For Updates

26 April 2009 Swine flu illness in the United States and Mexico - update 2

24 April 2009 Influenza-like illness in the United States and Mexico

Case Definitions for Infection with Swine Influenza A (H1N1) Virus

A confirmed case of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as a person with an influenza-like illness with laboratory confirmed novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection by one or more of the following tests:

real-time RT-PCR

viral culture

A probable case of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as a person with an influenza-like-illness who is

positive for influenza A, but negative for human H1 and H3 by influenza RT_PCR

Optional

A suspected case of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as a person who does not meet the confirmed or probable case definition, and is not novel H1N1 test negative, and is/has:

a previously healthy person < 65 years hospitalized for ILI

OR

ILI and resides in a state without confirmed cases, but has traveled to a state or country where there are one or more confirmed or probable cases

OR

ILI and has an epidemiologic link in the past 7 days to a confirmed case or probable case

Influenza-like-illness (ILI) is defined as fever (temperature of 100°F [37.8°C] or greater) and a cough and/or a sore throat in the absence of a KNOWN cause other than influenza

CDC

Maps/Tracking

Worldwide map with running stats For Updates
Current Influenza Maps (of Europe) from the European Influenza Surveillance Scheme
H1N1 Swine Flu cases tagged on Google Maps
Swine influenza outbreak timeline
FluTracker

Other Organisation

Europa Public Health - European Center for Disease Prevention and Control(ECDC)
- Public Health use of influenza antivirals during pandemic - Interim guidelines (01/07/09)
Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC)
Swine Flu - Swine Flu Symptoms - What Is Swine Flu - FAQ WebMD
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Govt. of India)- H1N1 information
Mexico - Ministry of Health
Australia - Department of Health and Ageing
National Center for Biotechnology Information - Influenza virus resources (genome)
ProMED-mail electronic conference Query Swine Flu or Influenza A - H1N1
World Organisation for Animal Health
- Asia and Pacific region
Swine influenza - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- 2009 Swine Flu Outbreak For Updates
Influenza.com - Provided as a public health service by sanofi pasteur.
1976- The swine flu scare
Swine Flu Epidemics
Google News- Search articles and Newsgroups. Note the information obtained from Newsgroups are not moderated and should be interpreted with caution. Swine Flu; H1N1For Updates

Influenza A (H1N1): Revised Guidelines released by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare - India (14 Aug 2009)

In order to prevent and contain outbreak of Influenza-A H1N1 virus for screening, testing and isolation following guidelines are to be followed:

At first all individuals seeking consultations for flu like symptoms should be screened at healthcare facilities both Government and private or examined by a doctor and these will be categorized as under:

Category- A :

Patients with mild fever plus cough / sore throat with or without body ache, headache, diarrhoea and vomiting will be categorised as Category-A. They do not require Oseltamivir and should be treated for the symptoms mentioned above.The patients should be monitored for their progress and reassessed at 24 to 48 hours by the doctor.
No testing of the patient for H1N1 is required.
Patients should confine themselves at home and avoid mixing up with public and high risk members in the family.

Category-B:

In addition to all the signs and symptoms mentioned under Category-A, if the patient has high grade fever and severe sore throat, may require home isolation and Oseltamivir;
In addition to all the signs and symptoms mentioned under Category-A, individuals having one or more of the following high risk conditions shall be treated with Oseltamivir:
- Children less than 5 years old;
- Pregnant women;
- Persons aged 65 years or older;
- Patients with lung diseases, heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, blood disorders, diabetes, neurological disorders, cancer and HIV/AIDS;
- Patients on long term cortisone therapy.

No tests for H1N1 is required for Category-B (1) and (2).
All patients of Category-B (1) and (2) should confine themselves at home and avoid mixing with public and high risk members in the family.

Category-C

In addition to the above signs and symptoms of Category-A and B, if the patient has one or more of the following:

Breathlessness, chest pain, drowsiness, fall in blood pressure, sputum mixed with blood, bluish discolouration of nails;
Irritability among small children, refusal to accept feed;
Worsening of underlying chronic conditions.

All these patients mentioned above in Category-C require testing, immediate hospitalization and treatment.

Source: http://mohfw-h1n1.nic.in/

Other Resource Sites

The Lancet - H1N1 resource site
The New England Journal Medicine - H1N1 Resource site
Reuters - Media coverage on H1N1
Supercource : Influenza A(H1N1) (Swine Flu): A Global Outbreak - A great set of slides.
Medical Journal of Australia - Rapid Online Publication on H1N1 ( Thanks to Dr Shashank Joshi)
- TSANZ guidelines- treatment and prevention of H1N1 influenza 09 (human swine influenza) with antiviral agents - Updated 13 August 2009
Medline Plus - H1N1
MyHealthMatters Blog of Dr David Quek A great buddy and friend with passion to share information.
Cyberdoc's Updates - My very own blog for updates (news) and pubmed/news articles from below link as well.
Cyberdoc's shared items - via Google reader mainly pubmed articles of current interest including news updates.

MEDLINE abstracts (NLM PubMed).

Source: National Center For National Biotechnology Information(NCBI). When you read the MEDLINE (NLM PubMed) abstract click on Links: Related Articles.

Search Medline

H1N1 Influenza

Swine Flu

Influenza A

Cyberdoc's shared items - via Google reader mainly pubmed articles of current interest

Virology sites

ALL the Virology on the WWW - The reference site for virology information.
- Orthomyxoviruses -- Influenza Viruses
Virus Diseases - Another good site.
WWW Sites of Interest - another excellent site. (Animal Sites)
Molecular Virology
Virus Reference Laboratory - Swine Flu
Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center -Virus family
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)- Taxonomy; Genome; Structure;
- GenBank Influenza Virus Resource (swine influenza A (H1N1) sequences)

Communicable Disease Control, Surveillance and Other Resources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-Needs no introduction.
Public Health Laboratory Service- UK's "CDC".
CDC MMWR, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
World Health Organisation (WHO).
Emerging Infectious Diseases a peer reviewed journal.
Infectious Diseases in Children - Journal.
Emerging Infectious Diseases Resource Links - CDC.
Health:Diseases and Conditions:Infectious Diseases - Influenza

Resource Articles

Prevention and Treatment of Virus Diseases: Antiviral Vaccines
Prevention and Treatment of Virus Diseases: Antiviral Drugs
Principles of Immunisation
Preventing Emerging Infectious Diseases - A Strategy for the 21st Century (html); for pdf format
National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS) a surveillance system used by CDC.
Interstate Shipment of Etiologic Agents from CDC.
Guideline for Isolation Precautions in Hospitals.Julia S. Garner, RN, MN, and the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee.
Globalization, International Law, and Emerging Infectious Diseases by David P. Fidler, J.D. Emerging Infectious Diseases Volume 2 .Number 2 April-June 1996.
OSHA- Flu Guidelines
- Publications
  - Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for an Influenza Pandemic. OSHA Publication 3327-02N, (2007). Also available as a 371 KB PDF, 47 pages.
  - Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers. OSHA Publication 3328-05, (2007). Also available as a 405 KB PDF, 104 pages.
- Other Resources
  - Frequently Asked Questions on Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers. OSHA, Office of Occupational Health Nursing (OOHN).
  - Proposed Guidance on Workplace Stockpiling of Respirators and Facemasks for Pandemic Influenza. OSHA.
  - Workplace Preparation: PandemicFlu.gov.

Respiratory Protection

How to wear a face mask (Thanks to Thomas)
Respiratory Products - general information on preventative measures. From 3M

Medline Search Sites, Medical Journals Site and Search Engines

Medline Search Sites - Do your own search for relevant articles.
Medical Journal Sites - Look up relevant articles.
Search Engines - Search the WWW.
Search Microbiology and Immunology HomePage, Leicester University

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First up on 27 April 2009

Last Updated 23 August 2009

Home	Software	Hindu	Malaysian	Kids	Cybermed	Japanese Encephalitis	Dioxin	Paramyxoviridae	Manipal Alumni	Web Search	SARS
Medline	Med. Journal	Medical	Occupational Health	H5N1 Outbreak	Rift Valley Fever Outbreak	West Nile Fever	Arsenic	Chikungunya Virus	Haze	Enterovirus Outbreak	Anthrax